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MIC69502
5A, Low VIN, Low VOUT Cap LDO Regulator
General Description
The MIC69502 is a 5A, low dropout linear regulator that provides low voltage high current outputs with a minimum of external components. It offers high precision and ultra low dropout of 500mV under worst case conditions. The MIC69502 operates from an input voltage of 1.65V to 5.5V. It is designed to drive digital circuits requiring low voltage at high currents (i.e. PLDs, DSP, microcontroller, etc.). The MIC69502 output is adjustable to a minimum of 0.5V. The Cap design of the MIC69502 is optimized for stability with low value low-ESR ceramic output capacitors. Protection features of the MIC69502 include thermal shutdown and current limit protection. Logic enable and error flag pins are also available. The MIC69502 is offered in the space-efficient S-PAK package. It has an operating temperature range of -40C to +125C. Data sheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at: www.micrel.com.
Features
* Input voltage range: VIN: 1.65V to 5.5V * 1.0% initial output tolerance * Maximum dropout (VIN - VOUT) of 500mV over temperature * Adjustable output voltage down to 0.5V * Stable with 10F ceramic output capacitor (5A) * Excellent line and load regulation specifications * Logic controlled shutdown * Thermal shutdown and current limit protection * 7-Pin S-Pak package * -40C to +125C Temperature Junction
Applications
* * * * ASIC Core Voltage Regulator PLD/FPGA Core Power Supply Linear Point-of-Load Conversion High-Speed Post-Regulator
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Application
Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
350 300 250 200 150 100 50
5A
2.5A
Adjustable Regulator
0
VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com
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Micrel, Inc.
MIC69502
Ordering Information
Part Number* MIC69502WR
Note: * RoHS compliant with `high-melting solder' exemption. ** For fixed voltages available, please contact Micrel marketing for details.
Output Current 5A
Output Voltage** Adj.
Junction Temperature Range -40 to +125C
Package 7-Pin S-PAK
Pin Configuration
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ADJ VOUT VOUT GND VIN VIN EN
7-Pin S-PAK (R)
Pin Description
Pin Number
1 2, 3 4 5, 6 7
Pin Name
EN VIN GND VOUT ADJ
Pin Function
Enable (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable, logic low = shutdown. Do not float. Input voltage which supplies current to the output power device. Ground (TAB is connected to ground on S-Pak). Regulator Output. Adjustable regulator feedback input. Connect to resistor voltage divider. Applies only to adjustable output voltage parts.
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MIC69502
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Supply Input Voltage (VIN)...........................................+6.0V Enable Input Voltage (VEN).............................................. VIN Power Dissipation (PD) ........................... Internally Limited(3) Junction Temperature (TJ) ..................-40C TJ +125C
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply Voltage (VIN)................................... +1.65V to +5.5V Enable Input Voltage (VEN)..................................... 0V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) ..................-40C TJ +125C Package Thermal Resistance S-PAK-7 (JC).......................................................2C/W
Electrical Characteristics(4)
TA = 25C with VIN = VOUT + 1V; bold values indicate -40C< TJ < +125C; IOUT = 10mA, unless noted.
Parameter Output Voltage Accuracy
Output Voltage Line Regulation (Note 5) Output Voltage Load Regulation VIN - VO; Dropout Voltage (Note 6) Ground Pin Current
Conditions At 25C Over temperature range VIN = VOUT +1.0V to 5.5V
IL = 10mA to 5A IL = 2.5A IL = 5.0A IL = 10mA IL = 500mA IL = 2.5A IL = 5.0A VEN = 0V
Min -1 -2
Typ
0.2 0.2 160 250 1 3 20 54 5 10 50 0.6
Max +1 +2 0.5
Units % % %
% mV mV mA mA mA mA A A s V V A A
Ground Pin Current in Shutdown Current Limit Start-up Time Enable Input Enable Input Threshold Enable Pin Input Current
Notes:
300 500 5 10 50 150 10 150
5.5
VEN = VIN Regulator enable Regulator shutdown VIN 0.2V (Regulator shutdown) VIN 0.8V (Regulator enable)
0.8
0.2
1 100
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. The maximum allowable power dissipation of any TA (ambient temperature) is (PD(max) = TJ(max) - TA) / JA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will result in excessive die temperature and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. 4. Specification for packaged product only. 5. Minimum input for line regulation test is set to VOUT + 1V relative to the highest output voltage. 6. Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal value measured at 1V differential. For outputs below 1.65V, dropout voltage is considered the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage of 1.65V. Minimum input operating voltage is 1.65V.
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MIC69502
Typical Characteristics
1.95 1.90 1.85 1.80 1.75 1.70 1.65 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F IOUT = 10mA 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
Output Voltage vs. Temperature
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Ground Current vs. Temperature
5A
70 60 50 40
Ground Current vs. Load Current
2.5A VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
30 20 10 0 0 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 1 2 3 4 LOAD CURRENT (A) 5
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0
Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current
1.84 1.82 1.80
Output Voltage vs. Load Current
2.0
Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage
1.5 0.01A 1.0
1.78 1.76 1.74 0 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 1 2 3 4 LOAD CURRENT (A) 5
0.5
5A
VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 1 2 3 4 LOAD CURRENT (A) 5
2.5A 0 0
VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 5
1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.65
Enable Threshold vs. Input Voltage
350 300
Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
60 50
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
2A
0.60
250 200 150 100 VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F IOUT = 10mA 50 0 VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C) 5A
40 3A 30
100mA
0.55
2.5A
20 10 0 0.01
1A
0.50
0.45 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.1 1 10 100 1,000 FREQUENCY (kHz)
Thermal Shutdown
2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 100 120 140 160 180 TEMPERATURE (C) 200
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Functional Characteristics
Enable Line Transient
Output Voltage (1V/div)
Input Voltage (500mV/div)
5V
4V VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F IOUT = 10mA
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F IOUT = 10mA Time (4s/div)
Output Voltage (20mV/div)
Enable (500mV/div)
Time (400s/div)
Load Transient
VIN = VOUT + 1V Output Voltage (50mV/div) VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F
Output Current (2.5A/div)
5A
10mA
Time (400s/div)
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MIC69502
Functional Diagram
IN
OUT
EN
ENABLE
0.5V VREF ADJ
GND
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Application Information
The MIC69502 is an ultra-high performance low dropout linear regulator designed for high current applications requiring fast transient response. It utilizes a single input supply and has very low dropout voltage perfect for lowvoltage DC-to-DC conversion. The MIC69502 requires a minimum of external components. As a Cap regulator the output is tolerant of virtually any type of capacitor including ceramic and tantalum. The MIC69502 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions offering constant current limiting and thermal shutdown.
Minimum Load Current The MIC69502 regulator is specified between finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. A 10mA minimum load current is necessary for proper operation. Adjustable Regulator Design The MIC69502 adjustable version allows programming the output voltage anywhere between 0.5V and 5.5V with two resistors. The resistor value between VOUT and the adjust pin should not exceed 10k. Larger values can cause instability. The resistor values are calculated by:
R VOUT = 0.5 1 + 1 R 2 Where VOUT is the desired output voltage.
Input Supply Voltage VIN provides high current to the collector of the pass transistor. The minimum input voltage is 1.65V allowing conversion from low voltage supplies. Output Capacitor The MIC69502 requires a minimum of output capacitance to maintain stability. However, proper capacitor selection is important to ensure desired transient response. The MIC69502 is specifically designed to be stable with a wide range of capacitance values and ESR. A 10F ceramic chip capacitor should satisfy most applications. See typical characteristics for examples of load transient response. X7R dielectric ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by only 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60%, respectively over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic or a tantalum capacitor to ensure the same capacitance value over the operating temperature range. Tantalum capacitors have a very stable dielectric (10% over their operating temperature range) and can also be used with this device. Input Capacitor An input capacitor of 1F or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk supply capacitance or when the supply is a battery. Small, surface mount, ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. The capacitor should be placed within 1" of the device for optimal performance. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator further improving the integrity of the output voltage.
Enable The MIC69502 features an active high enable input (EN) that allows on-off control of the regulator. Current drain reduces to near "zero" when the device is shutdown, with only microamperes of leakage current. The EN input has TTL/CMOS compatible thresholds for simple logic interfacing. EN may be directly tied to VIN and pulled up to the maximum supply voltage. Thermal Design Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters:
* Maximum ambient temperature (TA) * Output current (IOUT) * Output voltage (VOUT) * Input voltage (VIN) * Ground current (IGND) First, calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this data sheet. PD = (VIN - VOUT) IOUT + VIN IGND where the ground current is approximated by using numbers from the "Electrical Characteristics" or "Typical Characteristics" sections. The heat sink thermal resistance is then determined with this formula: SA = ((TJ(max) - TA)/ PD) - (JC + CS) Where TJ(max) 125C and CS is between 0C and 2C/W.
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Micrel, Inc. The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout properties of Micrel Super eta PNP(R) regulators allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink
MIC69502 without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1.0F is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Refer to "Application Note 9" for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink applications.
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Package Information
7-Pin S-PAK (R)
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2006 Micrel, Incorporated.
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